Hypothesis Open Access

Biomechanics of Bone: Structural–Functional Interactions and Mechanical Adaptation in Skeletal Tissue

Abstract

Bone is a highly dynamic biological material that exhibits remarkable mechanical competence due to its hierarchical structure and continuous remodeling process. The biomechanics of bone integrates principles of mechanical engineering and biological adaptation, explaining how bone resists loads, dissipates energy, and adapts to mechanical stimuli. This article hypothesizes that the mechanical behavior of bone is primarily governed by its composite nature (collagen–mineral matrix), multiscale architecture, and mechanobiological feedback mechanisms involving osteocytes. The interplay between structure and function enables bone to achieve both strength and toughness, properties rarely combined in synthetic materials. Understanding these mechanisms is essential for advancing orthopedic biomaterials, fracture prevention strategies, and regenerative therapies.

Daniel K. Whitmore

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