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Optimization and Isolation of Dermatophytes from Clinical Samples and In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility Testing By Disc Diffusion Method

Abstract

India is a large subcontinent with remarkably varied topography, situated within the tropical and subtropical belts of the world. In the study patients with Tinea infections were examined clinically by dermatologist. Isolation, confirmatory test were done as per the standard procedure, and Antifungal Susceptibility test was done by Disc diffusion method.Other conditions such as seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, alopecia areata, folliculitis and pseudopelade may mimic ringworm of head and other tinea must be identified. A total of sixty six patients of dermatophytosis were studied. Males were predominantly affected 51 (77%) cases as compared to females15 (23%) cases. Male to female ratio was 3.4:1. Most common age group affected was 21-30 years with 20 cases (23%). Least common age group affected was 61-70 years with 3 cases (4%).Tinea corporis was more common in the age group 21-30 years with 13 cases (37.14%) and in males with 29 cases (82.85%) than females with 6 cases (17.15%).Tinea unguium was more common in the age group of 31-40 years with 6 cases (37.5%) and in males with 10 cases (62.5%) than females with 6 cases (37.5%).Tinea cruris was more common in the age group 51-60 years with 2 cases (40%) and was more common in males with 5 cases (100%).In tinea pedis, one case was seen in the age group of 11-20 years and the other in the age group of 41-50 and 51-60 years, and was more common in males with 3 cases (100%).Tinea barbae was more common in the age group 21-30 years with 2 cases (66.66%) .Tinea capitis was more common in the age group of 31-40 years with 2 cases (66.66%) and was more common in females with 3 cases (100%). Tinea manuum was more common in the age group of 31-40 years and in males with 1 case (100%). In males, commonest infection was T. corporis while in female commonest infection was T.corporis.rate of direct microscopy and culture (78.79%). About 89.47% of the dermatophytes grew faster in DTM with compare to SDA, so the growth rate of dermatophyte is better in DTM. A total of thirty five species of dermatophytes were isolated and identified. T.rubrum 15(42.85%) is commonest among other isolates.Ketoconazole showed best susceptibility i.e 26 (74.28%). The present study suggests that every patient of tinea infection should be properly studied for mycological examination and should be treated accordingly. This study revealed that Ketaconazole highest susceptibility.DTM is better medium than SDA.

Amodkumar Yadav, AD Urhekar, Vijay Mane, Mahesh Singh Danu, Nitin Goel and Ajit KG

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