Review Article Open Access

Preliminary Steps to Prevent Nipah Virus Outbreak in the United States of America and Other Countries

Abstract

Nipah Virus (NiV) outbreaks in different countries throughout the world have created fear and panic situation in the international community with the most recent outbreak in India during September 2023 with a fatality rate of 34% (2 deaths out of 6 cases). Overall, 25 outbreaks (from 1998 to 2023) of this virus have been recorded with fatality rates ranging from 38%-100%. NiV is a serious threat to human beings. It presents with high mental and respiratory problems. Still, no vaccine is available against the protection from this virus. Researchers and healthcare professionals from different countries worldwide are working on preparing vaccines and antiviral medicine for NiV. Observing the recent situation of NiV outbreaks worldwide may also come in the United States of America. So, to protect the international community from Nipah virus infection, it is necessary to study the emerging zoonotic disease. The priority should be to control the natural reservoirs of the Nipah virus and prevent its transmission. This review is about the NiV breakout and its current status. It highlights the preventive and monitoring procedures that should be applied at both government and nongovernment levels to ensure no occurrences of this outbreak in the world.

Muhammad Asim, Hamza Ishfaq, Ume Habiba*

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