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conferenceseries.com
RRJOMS | Volume 5 | Issue 4 | July, 2017
July 27-29, 2017 Vancouver, Canada
10th International Conference on
Emerging Materials and Nanotechnology
Res. Rev. J Mat. Sci. 2017
DOI: 10.4172/2321-6212-C1-003
Effect of chemical treatment onmechanical properties of HEMP/polymermatrix composites –Areview
M V Varalakshmi1, V Venu Gopal Reddy2 and G Jaya Chandra Reddy 3
1Malla Reddy Engineering College, India
2Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Anantapur, India
3Yogi Vemana University College of Engineering, India
Nowadays natural fibers form an interesting alternative for the most widely applied fiber in the composite technology.
Natural biodegradable polymers are called biopolymers. There are two main renewable sources of biopolymers, i.e. (i)
starch, polysaccharides and cellulose and (ii) proteins. To improve the mechanical properties of such polymers or to enrich
their degradation rate, natural polymers are modified using chemicals. The use of hemp fibers as reinforcement in composite
materials has increased in recent years as a response to the increasing demand for developing biodegradable, sustainable, and
recyclable materials. Hemp fibers are found in the stem of the plant which makes them strong and stiff, a primary requirement
for the reinforcement of composite materials. In the present work, Hemp composites are developed under chemical treatment
(Alkaline, Acrylonitrile and Benzoylation treatments) and their mechanical properties are evaluated. Mechanical properties
of Hemp/polymer are compared with glass fiber/epoxy. These results indicate that Hemp can be used as a possible reinforcing
material for creating low load bearing thermoplastic composites.
Effect of synthesis process variables on morphological and mechanical properties of vitreous carbon
scaffolds for tissue engineering applications
Natalia Teran-Acuna, Viviana Guiza-Arguello and Elcy Cordoba-Tuta
Industrial University of Santander, Colombia
Vitreous carbon foams have been shown to promote bone cell adhesion, mineralization and proliferation. However, their
low mechanical resistance as well as their high manufacturing cost restricts their utilization in the biomedical area. The
purpose of this study was to develop bone tissue engineering scaffolds from vitreous carbon foams, which were fabricated
through the template route using an economical and renewable precursor. Towards this, cellulose sponges were impregnated
with a sucrose-based resin and then carbonized under inert atmosphere. The effect of the concentration of the components
of the resin (HNO3 and sucrose) on the mechanical and morphological properties of the resulting foams was determined.
Moreover, the ability of the synthesized foams to promote cell adhesion was evaluated in-vitro using human osteoblasts. Our
results show that it was possible to produce vitreous carbon foams with highly interconnected polyhedral cells (cell size ~1000
μM). Scaffold morphology was strongly affected by the concentration of the catalyst in the resin (HNO3) due to its foaming
effect, which lead to porous and irregular surfaces on the carbonaceous materials. Also, increasing the concentration of sucrose
in the precursor resin favored the mechanical resistance of the resulting foams, reaching values close to the commercial foams.
In conclusion, vitreous carbon foams with trabecular bone-like morphology were obtained from a non-toxic and renewable
precursor. The fabricated foams were shown to be highly cytocompatible and to promote human osteoblast adhesion. Although
the compressive strength of the foams is much lower than that of native bone, their high porosity will allow their reinforcement
using an additional biocompatible phase (coating/filler). Therefore, the vitreous foams synthesized here could be used as the
porous component of a composite biomaterial system for the treatment of bone defects.