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Pathology 2018 Research & Reviews: Journal of Medical and Health Sciences
ISSN: 2319-9865 Page 69
October 08-09, 2018
Edinburgh, Scotland
17th International Conference on
Pathology & Cancer
Epidemiology
T he objective of the study is to describe the companion
diagnostics that are necessary to differentiate specific
cancers; describe the therapeutic modalities or personalized
drugs that arecoupledwith thecompaniondiagnostic; Understand
the relationship between cytopathologic diagnosis of cancer from
multiple organ sites and its relationship to theranostics; describe
the FDA approved drugs that are used to treat leukemias and
lymphomas, carcinomas and sarcomas and also to describe the
tumor suppressor genes and their subsequent mutations that
are associated with triaging patients with specific personalized
therapies. The field of cytopathology has evolved from basic Pap
staining of tumors followed by H&E tissue diagnosis of disease
to the use of immunocytochemistry and complementary ancillary
molecular diagnostics to aid in specifying the disease. However,
due to the sequencing of the human genome and the subsequent
genomic revolution, the field of theranostics has evolved.
Theranostics is the coupling of companion diagnostic tools (in
particular, molecular profiling) with specific therapeutic drugs.
This personalized approach to diagnosis allows the clinician
to provide therapy based on specific genetic mutations of the
tumors from their patients. The FDA has dramatically increased
the number of cleared/approved in vitro assays for patients
with genetic mutations that respond to drugs that prevent the
expression of the mutations, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
These alternative forms of therapy have dramatically increased
the survival rate in patients with stage four andmetastatic cancer.
It is imperative that pathologists and laboratory professionals
determine which companion diagnostic assay should be chosen
and recommend the clinically actionable drugs tailored to their
genetic mutation to the clinician. This change in the scope of
practice creates unprecedented opportunities to more accurately
diagnose patients and guide the selection of personalized
therapies.
Cytopathology – the leading edge to theranostics and
personalized medicine
E Blair Holladay
American Society for Clinical Pathology, USA
RRJMHS 2018
Volume: 7