Current authentication systems suffer from many weaknesses. Textual passwords are commonly used.Users tend to choose their nick names, which make textual passwords easy to break. Many available graphical passwords have a password space that is less than or equal to the textual password space. Smart cards can be stolen. Many biometric authentications have been proposed; however, users tend to prevent using biometrics because of their intrusiveness and the effect on their privacy. Therefore, biometrics cannot be revoked.In this paper, we present the 3-D password. The 3-D password is constructed by sequence of the interactions and actions which performed by users. In other words, The 3D Password scheme is a new authentication scheme that combine RECOGNITION + RECALL+TOKENS+BIOMETRIC in one authentication system. The 3D password can combine authentication schemes such as textual passwords, graphical passwords, and different types of biometrics with supportive sound signature. 3D passwords are flexible and they provide unlimited passwords possibility.
Keywords |
| Authentication, textual passwords, graphical passwords, biometrics passwords, sound signature, multifactor,
3-D password |
INTRODUCTION |
| We are provided with many password types such as textual passwords, graphical passwords, biometric scanning, cards
(such as an ATM) etc. But there are many weaknesses in current authentication systems. When a person uses textual
passwords, he chooses their nick names or favourite thing or place names etc which can be cracked easily. Graphical
passwords strength comes from that users can recall and recognize pictures more than words. Token based systems can also
be used as way of authentication in banking systems. But cards are loss or theft.Biometric recognition scheme has its
advantages and disadvantages based on several factors such as consistency, uniqueness. One of the main drawbacks of
applying biometrics is its intrusiveness upon a user’s personal characteristic. Most biometric systems require a special
scanning device to authenticate users, which is not applicable for Internet users. So, we have introduced 3-D password
scheme with sound signature. |
Objectives |
| •The system provides more secure authentication for user. |
| •3D password authentication system is more secure system than others. |
RELATED WORKS |
A) Existing System |
| In existing system, we use Text Password and Graphical Password. But there is some drawbacks likes in Textual
Passwords should be easy to remember at the same time easy to crack that password or easy to guess for another users. .
Also in Graphical passwords, this passwords came as users can recall and recognize pictures more then words. But most
graphical passwords are attacks by attacker can observe or record the valid user graphical password by camera. The main
weakness in biometric is that this passwords can not be changed or revoked. Smart cards can be lost or stolen. |
B) Proposed System |
| The proposed system is a multi factor authentication scheme which combines the advantages of more than two
authentication schemes. Users can choose whether the 3D password will be combination of textual, graphical and
biometrics with supportive sound signature. This choice of selection is necessary because users are different and they have
different requirements. |
| The following features are satisfied in proposed system: |
| 1. The new system provide passwords that are easy to remember and very difficult for another users to guess. |
| 2. The new system provides passwords that are not easy to write down on paper. |
| 3. The new system provides passwords that can be easily revoked or changed. |
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE |
Working |
• Registration |
| 1. When new user register, first enter the all details which give in registration form. |
| 2. Then select any one image from multiple images and also click the minimum 4 points at any sequence. |
| 3. Then represent the Thumb expression of user |
| 4. Then select any one sound clip, play and pause that clip at particular time. |
| 5. This all interactions stored in database in encrypted format. |
• Authentication |
| 1. Enter username and password. |
| 2. Select proper image and their sequence of click points. |
| 3. Recognize the Thumb expression of that user. |
| 4. Select proper sound clip and their pause time. |
| 5. All interactions fetch from database then compared one by one. |
| Then access granted to authorized user for access applications. |
B) System Flow |
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION |
A) Authentication Schemes : |
| In this system, we use multiple authentication schemes for give access of data or any system for authorized user and also
the security for any system or data. Following schemes are used in this system. |
1) Text Authentication |
| In this scheme, we use simple Username and Password for Authentication. When register the new user, save all
detail information of that user and also save Username and Passsword of that user as per user’s choice in System
Database.This Password is stored in database in encrypted format using Message Digest 5 Algorithm. |
| When user log’s in, first enter the Username and Password then system check the new Username and Password is
same or not. If incorrect then give the error and if it is correct then give permission for next authentication scheme. |
•Algorithm used in this System for Encryption : |
| Message Digest 5 ( MD5 ) |
| 1. The MD5 algorithm accepts a message as input and generates a fixed length output which less than the length of input
message. |
| 2. The output is called a hash value or message digest. |
| 3. The MD5 algorithm is mostly used for digital signature applications, where a large file must be "compressed" in a
secure manner before being encrypted with a private (secret) key under a public-key cryptosystem such as RSA.” |
| To compute the message digest of the message five steps are performed as following : |
| 1. Append Padding Bits |
| 2. Append Length |
| 3. Initialize MD Buffer |
| 4. Process Message in 16-Word Blocks |
| 5. Output |
Working of MD5 |
2) Graphical Authentication |
| In this scheme, we use images for Authentication. When register the new user, first select the one image from
given images and then click any four points that is pixel values in sequence which storedin System Database.This click
points are also stored in database in encrypted format using Message Digest 5 Algorithm. |
| When user log’s in, first select the proper image and click points in same sequence then system checks that image
and click points are same or not. If incorrect then give the error and if it is correct then give permission for next
authentication scheme. |
3) Bio-Metrics Authentication |
| In this scheme, we use thumbnail expression of user for Authentication. When register the new user, take the
thumbnail expression of user using thumb detection device and stored in image format in System Database. |
| When user log’s in, user give the thumbnail expression using thumb detection device then system checks that
image is same or not. If incorrect then give the error and if it is correct then give permission for next authentication
scheme. |
Sound Signature |
| In this scheme, we use sound clips for Authentication. When register the new user, select one sound clip and
play that clipthen stored it’s pause time in System Database. |
| When user log’s in, first select proper sound clip and it’s pause time then system checks that sound clip and
pause time are same or not. If incorrect then give the error and if it is correct then give permission for access the data or
any system. |
B) Database Design: |
| The database which has been created from this system consists USER registration.The detailed information in
every table is shown in following table: |
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS |
| We have built an experimental 3-D password that contains several schemes. The first type of response is the
textual password. The second type of response is requesting graphical passwords. The third type of response is requesting
biometrics passwords. The last type of response is requesting sound signature. We asked the users to create their 3-D
password and to sign-in using their 3-D password several times. |
CONCLUSION |
| In the existing system, Textual passwords and token-based passwords are the most common used authentication
schemes. The main goal of this paper is to have a scheme which has a huge password space and which is a combination of
existing, or new, authentication schemes into one scheme.While using 3D password, users have the freedom to select
whether the 3D password will be recall, biometrics, recognition, or token based, or a combination of two or moreschemes
with sound signature. |
| Users have the choice to construct their 3D password according to their needs and their preferences .The main
application domains of 3D Password are critical resources and systems. Moreover, Airline’s system, banking systems and
operating system's logins can also make use of 3D passwords to provide more secured authentication. |
Tables at a glance |
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| Table 1 |
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Figures at a glance |
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| Figure 1 |
Figure 2 |
Figure 3 |
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References |
- Fawaz A. Alsulaiman and Abdulmotaleb El Saddik, Senior Member, IEEE ” Three-Dimensional Password for More Secure Authentication”, IEEEtransaction on instrumentation and measurement, 0018-9456,2008.
- X. Suo, Y. Zhu, and G. S. Owen, “Graphical passwords: A survey,” in Proc. 21st Annu. Comput. Security Appl. Conf., pp. 463–472, Dec. 5–9, 2005.
- F. A. Alsulaiman and A. El Saddik, “A novel 3D graphical password schema,”IEEE Journal Virtual Environment, Human-ComputerInterfaces,pp.125-128, July 2008.
- I.Jermyn,A.Mayer,F.Monrose,M.K.Reiter,andA.D.Rubin, “The design and analysis of 3D passwords,” Special Issue on HCI Research in Privacy andSecurity,vol. 63,pp.102-127, July2005.
- Saurabh Singh and GauravAgarwal “Integration of Sound Signature in Graphical PasswordAuthentication System,” International Journal OfComputer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 12– No.9, January 2011.
- DuhanPooja, Gupta Shilpi ,SangwanSujata, &Gulati Vinita ,“Secured authentication: 3D password,”International Journal Of Engineering andManagement Sciences , I.J.E.M.S.( 242 – 245), VOL.3(2),2012..
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