Opinion Article Open Access

AI-Assisted Cancer Diagnosis: Transforming Precision Oncology or Overstated Promise?

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming modern oncology, particularly in the domain of cancer diagnosis. With the increasing complexity of cancer biology and the exponential growth of medical imaging and genomic data, traditional diagnostic workflows are becoming insufficient for timely and precise decision-making. AI-assisted diagnostic systems—powered by machine learning, deep learning, and multimodal data integration—are increasingly being used to detect malignancies, classify tumor subtypes, predict prognosis, and guide treatment selection. This article critically evaluates the role of AI in cancer diagnosis, highlighting its clinical advantages, limitations, ethical challenges, and future trajectory. While AI demonstrates remarkable accuracy in imagingbased cancer detection and pathology analysis, concerns remain regarding interpretability, bias, regulatory approval, and clinical integration. Ultimately, AI should be viewed not as a replacement for oncologists, but as a powerful augmentative tool that enhances diagnostic precision and workflow efficiency.

Elise Carter

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