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Opinion Article Open Access

CRISPR-Cas Gene Editing in Cancer: A Transformative Frontier in Clinical Oncology

Abstract

CRISPR-Cas gene editing has emerged as one of the most revolutionary technologies in modern biomedical science, offering unprecedented precision in manipulating the human genome. In oncology, CRISPR has reshaped approaches to cancer modeling, diagnosis, and therapy by enabling targeted modification of oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and immune pathways. This opinion article explores the evolving role of CRISPR in clinical oncology, highlighting its therapeutic promise, translational barriers, ethical considerations, and future prospects. While early clinical trials show encouraging safety and efficacy signals, significant challenges—including off-target effects, delivery limitations, tumor heterogeneity, and regulatory constraints—continue to restrict widespread clinical adoption. The article argues that CRISPR is not a standalone cure but a foundational enabling platform that, when integrated with immunotherapy and precision medicine, could redefine cancer treatment paradigms.

Michael R. Ellington

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