Research Article Open Access

Dynamic Model and Simulation of Wind Energy Conversion System based on Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator

Abstract

In modern wind turbines, the energy conversion process uses the basic aerodynamic force of lift to produce a net positive torque on a rotating shaft, resulting first in the production of mechanical power and then its conversion to electricity in a generator. Wind turbines, unlike most other turbines, can produce power only in response to the wind that is available at the time. The output of a wind turbine is thus inherently fluctuating with the wind and can’t be directly dispatched for a purpose. Apart from this, the output depends on individual components like rotor dimension, transmission shaft, gear box and alternator. Since the wind turbine is relatively large, expensive, and Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) is complex, it is not convenient to do research on actual wind farm. Therefore, WECS model development for steady and dynamic state analysis and design has been research issue in recent years. This paper presents a new block-based approach for WECS dynamic modeling. The blocks (modules) developed by Aalborg University - Denmark, RISO national laboratory based on Kaimal Spectra have been customized, updated and integrated into MATLAB/SIMULINK platform and then utilized to simulate performance of 5kW WECS. In addition to the developed block sets, in this paper, a proportional-integral controller is designed to control the turbine pitch and integrated with the simulation models. The simulation result demonstrates that the model output is in agreement with what is expected. The system has advantages like: research cost reduction, ease in application and control, flexibility and completeness for analysis in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. The system can be used for assessment of power quality and design of wind turbine system for grid connection.

Molla Biweta, Dr. Mengesha Mamo, Dr. H.G.Eckel

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