Special Issue Article Open Access

Encryption and Fusion of Target Decision Based On Channel Gain in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a collection of nodes organized into a cooperative network. Security and energy consumption have been considered as long-lasting technical challenges in WSNs, as sensors usually suffer from complexity and energy constraints. In particular, it has played an important role in such applications that require proactive actions responding to rapid changes of outside environments. In order to provide data confidentiality in a distributed detection scenario, a simple and efficient physical-layer security is studied. Specifically, to prevent passive eavesdropping on transmitting data from sensors to an ally fusion center (AFC), we propose a novel encryption scheme and decision fusion rules for a parallel access channel model. The proposed scheme takes advantage of a free natural resource, i.e., randomness of wireless channels, to encrypt the binary local decision of each sensor in such a way that the binary local decision is flipped according to instantaneous channel gain between the sensor and AFC. The location-specific and reciprocal properties of wireless channels enable the sensor and AFC to share the inherent randomness of wireless channels which are not available to an eavesdropper. Furthermore, it is shown that the scheme is well-suited to a low complexity and energy efficient modulation technique, non-coherent binary frequency shift keying. To evaluate performances of the proposed Scheme, log-likelihood-ratio-based decision fusion strategies at the AFC are analyzed, and comparisons of decision performances are carried out. In addition, we prove that the proposed scheme achieves perfect secrecy with a simple structure that is suited for sensors of limited complexity.

R.S.Varshini dhevi, D.Vijendra Babu

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