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Mass Spectrometry (MS): A Cornerstone of Modern Analytical Science

Abstract

Mass spectrometry (MS) is a powerful analytical technique that allows precise determination of molecular masses, chemical composition, and structural information of complex compounds. It has become indispensable in pharmaceutical research, proteomics, metabolomics, environmental analysis, and forensic science. MS operates by ionizing chemical species, separating them based on their mass-to-charge ratios, and detecting the resulting ions. Coupled with chromatographic techniques such as liquid chromatography (LCMS) and gas chromatography (GC-MS), MS enables high-resolution separation and identification of analytes in complex matrices. This article provides an overview of MS principles, instrumentation, methodologies, applications, challenges, and emerging trends, emphasizing its transformative impact on modern analytical chemistry

Michael J. Harrington

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