Commentary Open Access

Spectrophotometry in Pharmaceutical and Chemical Analysis: Principles, Techniques, and Applications

Abstract

Spectrophotometry is a fundamental analytical technique employed to quantify and characterize chemical substances based on their interaction with electromagnetic radiation. It is widely used in pharmaceutical, chemical, environmental, and clinical laboratories due to its simplicity, precision, and cost-effectiveness. This technique relies on the absorption, emission, or transmission of light by molecules, allowing accurate determination of concentrations, identification of compounds, and monitoring of reaction kinetics. Advancements in instrumentation, including UV-Visible, infrared (IR), atomic absorption, and fluorescence spectrophotometry, have significantly enhanced sensitivity, specificity, and throughput. Regulatory agencies require validated spectrophotometric methods for quality control, stability testing, and drug analysis. This article provides a comprehensive overview of spectrophotometry, highlighting its principles, techniques, applications, and significance in analytical science

Rhea V. Kapoor

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