Short Note on Animal Transmitted Diseases

Description

Anthrax

Anthrax is caused by spore-forming bacteria and is most common in wild and domesticated herbivores. Infected animals are rarely found in the United States. People can become infected with anthrax by handling infected animal products or by breathing in anthrax spores from infected animal products such as wool, leather, and hair. Rare cases of inhalation, skin, and gastrointestinal anthrax have been connected to contaminated imported animal skin drums. Gastrointestinal anthrax can occur after eating uncooked meat from infected animals. Anthrax can also be used as a weapon.

Avian influenza

Avian influenza (bird flu) is the name of the disease caused by the bird flu A viruses. These viruses are naturally found in wild waterfowl and can infect poultry and other birds and animals. In rare cases, the bird flu virus can infect humans and cause illness. This is usually this has happened to people who have had direct or close contact with infected poultry. Influenza viruses constantly change, and certain changes may allow the avian influenza virus to spread easily between people. This could trigger large flu outbreaks or a pandemic.

B virus (herpes b)

B virus, or Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1, is commonly found in macaque monkeys, including rhesus, cynomolgus, pig-tailed, stump-tailed, and Japanese macaques. B virus can be excreted in saliva for the rest of your life, and all adult macaques should be used as vectors. The B virus can infect humans through bites and scratches, causing acute neurological and fatal encephalitis.

Brucellosis

Brucellosis is a bacterial infection that can affect other livestock such as goats, sheep and cattle, and wild ruminants such as deer, elks and bison. Brucellosis is rare in US, but is common in many other countries. Brucellosis causes miscarriage or stillbirth in animals. Infected animals can shed bacteria in milk and vaginal fluid after birthing or abortion. People can be infected through direct contact with the placenta and other birth fluids of infected animals, consume unpasteurized milk and other dairy products from infected animals, and rarely become infected in the laboratory. Symptoms vary from person to person, but serious illness can occur. Dogs can be Infected with a bacterial strain specific to dogs, but this type rarely spreads to humans.

Campylobacteriosis

Campylobacteriosis is a bacterial infectious disease. Bacteria are commonly found in the faces of infected animals and in food products contaminated with bacteria during processing or preparation. Raw or undercooked chicken is one of the most common sources of infection in humans.

Cryptococcosis

Cryptococcal disease is caused by breathing in the Cryptococcus fungus. Symptoms of this rare illness include a long-lasting cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, severe headache, confusion, fever, night sweats, and unintended weight loss. There are several types of Cryptococcus, such as C. gattii and C. neoformans. Cryptococcus gattii lives on and the soil, and there are no particular precautions to prevent this disease. The benefits of outdoor recreation and activities far outweigh the risk of developing this Cryptococcosis. Cryptococcus neoformans mainly affects people with impaired immune systems and can also affect pets such as dogs and cats. Cryptococcus neoformans is found in the dung of birds such as pigeons.