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A Study on Ovine Pneumonic Pasteurellosis: Isolation and Identification of Pasteurellae and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Test in Bishoftu District, Elfora Abattoir, Ethiopia

Abstract

Sheep constitute the second major component of livestock in Ethiopia and they play a significant role in the nation’s economy. However, efficient utilization of this potential resource is hampered by combination of health problems, poor management and feed shortage. The study was conducted at ELFORA Debrezeit Abattoir in Eastern Showa Zone of Oromia regional state of Ethiopia with the objectives of isolation and identification of major pasteurella species (pasteurella, multocida, Bibersteinia trehalosi and Mannheimia haemolytica) from pneumonic sheep lung with culture and biochemical tests and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility test. From a total of 365 sheep lung swab samples, 130 Pasteurella species were successfully isolated and give the overall prevalence of 35.7%. Accordingly, 23 (6.3%) of the isolates were P. multocida, 40 (11%) were B. trehalosi and 67 (18.4%) were M. haemolytica. From positive isolates M. haemolytica account the highest percentages (51.5%) followed by B. trehalosi (30.8%) and P. multocida (17.7%). Origin, breed and age were significantly associated with Pasteurella isolates (P<0.05) whereas body condition were not statistical associated with pasteurella isolates (p>0.05). Despite diverse in the site of origins, the isolates exhibited uniformity in sensitivity to a majority of the antibacterial agents. The most effective drug was sulfamethoxazole (89.5%) followed by tetracycline (85%). The isolates were susceptible to limited antimicrobial agents. All isolates were resistant to Streptomycin (92%) and Penicillin (85.6%) and completely resistant to vancomycin (100%). In conclusion, Pasteurella organism especially M. haemolytica is the most common cause of ovine pneumonic pasteurellosis in the study area. Good management and Chemoprophylaxis prior to transport reduce the disease burdens. Moreover, antimicrobial susceptibility test should be done before treatment except for critical cases.

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