Research Article Open Access

Design and Analysis of Fractal and Conventional Linear Array Antennas

Abstract

Antenna is often the most visible element of a radio system. The sizes and shapes of the conductors that comprise the antenna determine the directional characteristics of an antenna. The directional characteristics such as gain, directivity, radiation pattern, and polarization of an antenna are fundamentals to an understanding of the antenna and how it is used in a radio communications system are investigated by several researchers. The radiation pattern of a single element is relatively wide, and each element provides low gain. In many applications it is necessary to design antennas with very directive characteristics to meet the demands of long distance communication. This can only be accomplished by increasing the electrical size of the antenna. Without necessarily increasing the size of the individual elements, it is to form an assembly of radiating elements in an electrical and geometrical configuration. This new antenna, formed by multielements, is referred to as an array. In most of the cases the elements of an array are identical and may be any form. A fractal is and object which is recursively generated having a fractional dimensions. However antennas can be designed using the recursive nature of a fractal. In the present work the concept of fractals and its use in antenna arrays for obtaining multiband property is investigated by Cantor set. Cantor set is used to design and analysis of fractal linear array antennas. Beam width, directivity and SLL’s of cantor set fractal linear array is calculated, and compared with the non-fractal linear arrays at designed frequency.

A. Gayatri, Dr. M Surendra Kumar, Prof A.M Prasad

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