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Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): Evaluating Environmental Impacts for Sustainable Decision-Making

Abstract

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a systematic methodology used to evaluate the environmental impacts associated with all stages of a product’s life cycle, from raw material extraction to disposal. It provides a comprehensive framework for assessing resource consumption, energy use, emissions, and waste generation. LCA plays a crucial role in promoting sustainable development by enabling informed decision-making in product design, manufacturing, and policy formulation. This article explores the principles, methodology, applications, benefits, and challenges of LCA. It highlights the importance of LCA in identifying environmental hotspots and improving resource efficiency. The integration of LCA with emerging technologies and circular economy principles is also discussed as a pathway toward sustainability.

Ritu Agarwal

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