Short Communication Open Access

Targeting Tumor Vasculature: Advances and Challenges in Anti-Angiogenic Therapy

Abstract

Anti-angiogenic therapy has emerged as a critical strategy in modern oncology, aiming to inhibit the formation of new blood vessels that supply nutrients and oxygen to tumors. By disrupting angiogenesis, tumor growth and metastasis can be effectively suppressed. Since the discovery of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as a key mediator, multiple therapeutic agents targeting angiogenic pathways have been developed and approved for clinical use. These include monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and endogenous angiogenesis inhibitors. Despite significant success in improving progression-free survival in several cancers, challenges such as drug resistance, toxicity, and limited overall survival benefits persist. This communication explores the biological basis of angiogenesis, mechanisms of anti-angiogenic agents, clinical applications, limitations, and emerging strategies aimed at enhancing therapeutic efficacy. Understanding these aspects is essential for optimizing treatment regimens and developing next-generation anti-angiogenic therapies.

Emily Carter

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