Skeletal System: The Support Structure of the Human Body

EDITORIAL

The vertebrate's head and trunk bones constitute the axial skeleton, which is a segment of the skeleton. The human skeleton contains 80 bones complete and is divided into six sections, including the skull (22 bones), middle ear ossicles, hyoid bone, rib cage, sternum, and vertebral cord. The entire skeleton is composed of the axial and appendicular skeletons. The vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx, skull, ribs, and sternum are among the bones that form the axial skeleton, based on another classification.

Structure

The brain and other major organs are stored in flat bones. The axial skeletons of humans are the center of this article, although it is essential to understand the axial skeleton's evolutionary origins. The axial skeleton of a human is made up of 81 different bones. It is the body's medial core, linking the pelvis to the other parts of the body where the appendix skeletons are connected. With the exception of the skull, the bones in the skeleton degenerate with ageing. The skull is still tough to protect the brain from injuries.

Human skull

The brain and facial bones make up the human skull. The brain is preserved and protected inside the brain in a spacious area known as the neural plate. Eight plates-shaped bones that come together at regions (joints) known as sutures compensate the cranium.

The 14 facial bones that form the bottom front of the skull are an advanced option. Along with the cranial vault, the 22 bones that comprise the skull do provide smaller spaces like the cavities for the eyes, internal ear, nose, and mouth. The jaw, commonly known as the mandible, the upper jaw, or the maxilla, the zygomatic or cheek bone, and the nasal bone are the four primary facial bones.

In to allow for flexibility when the skull moves through the pelvis and vaginal cavity during birth, human beings are born with separate plates that later fuse. The eight different plates of the growing bones combine into a single structure known as the skull throughout development. The jaw is the only bone that continues to be separate from the rest of the skull.

Rib cage

The thorax and the 12 pairs of ribs that constitute the rib cages combine up a total of 25 different bones. The rib cage serves to protect the heart and lungs, among other essential organs. The ribs have a crescent shape, having one flat end and one rounded end. The flattened ends connect at the sternum in the front, and the rounded ends are joined at bones to the thoracic vertebrae in the posterior.

Vertebral column

Many people have 33 separate vertebrae at infancy. The majority of the time, however, during normal growth, multiple vertebrae fuse, leaving a total of 24. The two lowest vertebrae, the sacrum and the coccyx, are single bones made up of multiple smaller bones that have fused together, which has led to debate about whether there are 32 or 34 vertebrae. The vertebrae are divided into 24 autonomous factors, the sacrum, which is formed up of five united vertebrae, and the coccyx, which is made up of three to five fused vertebrae. There are 26 vertebrae whether we include the coccyx and sacrum separately as one vertebra each.

Etymyology

The word "axial" refers to the bones proximity to or alignment with the body's central "axis" and is based on the word "axis." The term "axis" refers to the centroid around which all other structures are organized.